What is retinol?

Retinol is a derivative of vitamin A and one of the most extensively studied anti-aging ingredients in skincare. It works by binding to receptors in the skin cells and accelerating cell turnover — the process by which the skin sheds older surface cells and replaces them with newer, healthier ones. Over time, this helps to smooth fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin texture, fade discolouration and age spots, and encourage collagen synthesis. Retinol is available in various strengths; starting with a lower concentration (such as those found in well-formulated serums) and gradually increasing as skin adapts is the recommended approach for most users. Common early side effects — mild dryness, flaking, or temporary sensitivity — usually resolve within a few weeks as skin adjusts. Retinol should always be paired with daily SPF, as it increases sun sensitivity.